Everything You Need To Know For Portugal
Geographical Position And Climate Of Portugal
Portugal, located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula, is geographically positioned at the westernmost point of mainland Europe. It shares a border only with Spain to the north and east, while to the west and south, it is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean. Portugal includes several archipelagos in the Atlantic, such as the Azores and Madeira Islands, which are also considered autonomous regions of Portugal.
Portugal experiences a variety of climate zones, but it can generally be characterized by its Mediterranean climate, particularly in the southern and central parts of the country. Overall, Portugal’s climate contributes to its reputation as a destination with a high quality of life and a strong appeal for tourism and outdoor activities.
Brief History Of Portugal
Portugal’s history is rich and storied. Originating as a county of the Kingdom of León, Portugal gained independence in 1139 under King Afonso Henriques. It was officially recognized as an independent kingdom in 1143. The Age of Discovery in the 15th and 16th centuries saw Portuguese explorers like Vasco da Gama and Ferdinand Magellan lead pioneering voyages, establishing a vast colonial empire that included territories in Africa, Asia, and South America.
The 1755 Lisbon earthquake, subsequent tsunami, and fires caused significant devastation, which led to a period of reconstruction and the Enlightenment under Marquis of Pombal. In the early 19th century, Napoleon’s invasions left their mark on the nation. The 20th century was dominated by a series of political changes, including a republic declaration in 1910, authoritarian rule under António de Oliveira Salazar from 1932-1968, and a peaceful Carnation Revolution in 1974, which transitioned Portugal to democracy.
Portugal joined the European Economic Community, now the European Union, in 1986 and adopted the euro in 1999. Today, it is known for its vibrant culture, historical significance, and contributions to world history.
Religion Of Portugal
Portuguese is the country’s official language.
Religion Of Portugal
Much of the population is Roman Catholic, and there are also Anglican, atheist, Muslim and Jewish minorities.
Portugal is a sought-after tourist destination known for its rich cultural heritage, stunning landscapes, and pleasant climate. Key attractions include: historic cities, beaches, wine regions, cultural landmarks, natural beauty and gastronomy. Tourism significantly contributes to Portugal’s economy, with its diverse offerings catering to a wide range of interests.
Places You Must Visit In Portugal
Before You Visit Portugal
Travel to Portugal
By Air:
- Main Airports: Lisbon Portela Airport, Porto Francisco Sá Carneiro Airport, and Faro Airport serve as the primary international gateways.
- Airlines: Numerous airlines operate flights to Portugal from major cities around the world, including direct and connecting flights.
With car or bus:
- From Spain: Being on the Iberian Peninsula, visitors can easily drive or take a bus or train from various cities in Spain.
- Cross-Border Rail Services: Trains like the Lusitania night train from Madrid and the Sud Express from Hendaye (France) connect to Portuguese cities.
By Sea:
- Cruise Ships: Many cruise lines include Portuguese ports such as Lisbon, Porto, and Funchal (Madeira) in their itineraries.
- Ferries: There are also ferry services from Spain’s northwestern region to northern Portugal.
Visas for Portugal
For Short Stays (up to 90 days):
- Schengen Area: Portugal is part of the Schengen Agreement. Citizens from Schengen countries can travel freely without a visa.
- Visa Waiver: Nationals from countries like the USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and Brazil do not need a visa for short stays for tourism, business, or family visits.
- Visa Required: Visitors from other countries not covered by the visa waiver program must apply for a Schengen visa before arrival.
For Long Stays (over 90 days):
- National Visas: A long-stay visa or residence permit is required for purposes such as work, study, family reunification, or retirement. The application process typically involves submitting various documents and may require an appointment at a Portuguese consulate or embassy.
Best time to visit Portugal
Spring (March to May):
- Weather: Mild temperatures and blooming landscapes make it ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing.
- Crowds: Fewer tourists than in summer, offering a more relaxed experience.
Summer (June to August):
- Weather: Hot and sunny, perfect for beach holidays and festivals.
- Crowds: Peak tourist season, especially in coastal areas like the Algarve.
Autumn (September to November):
- Weather: Warm but not too hot, with fewer rainy days; great for wine tasting during the harvest season.
- Crowds: Diminishing tourist numbers post-summer offer a quieter travel experience.
Winter (December to February):
- Weather: Cooler and wetter, especially in the north, but still mild compared to other European countries.
- Crowds: Low season, except during Christmas and New Year festivities.
For the best overall experience with good weather and manageable tourist numbers, the shoulder seasons of spring and autumn are often recommended.
Important Information
Capital – Lisbon
Territory – 92,230 km2
Currency – Euro
Time zone – UTC (WET) / UTC+1 (WEST)
Population – 10,467,366
Demonym – Portuguese