Essential Information
Samarkand, one of the oldest cities in Central Asia, is a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its breathtaking Islamic architecture, ancient Silk Road history, and rich cultural heritage. Often referred to as the “Pearl of the East”, it is Uzbekistan’s most famous tourist destination, attracting travelers with its blue-tiled madrasahs, stunning mausoleums, and lively bazaars.
- Location: Southeastern Uzbekistan
- Language: Uzbek (official), Russian is widely spoken, and English is understood in tourist areas.
- Currency: Uzbekistani Som (UZS) – Cash is preferred, but credit cards are accepted in some hotels and restaurants.
- Best Time to Visit: Spring (April-May) and autumn (September-October) for pleasant weather.
- Visa Requirements: Many nationalities can get a visa-free entry or an e-visa.
Interesting Facts About Samarkand
- One of the Oldest Cities in the World – Samarkand dates back over 2,750 years, making it as old as Rome and Babylon.
- Timur’s Capital – The legendary conqueror Amir Timur (Tamerlane) made Samarkand his capital in the 14th century, transforming it into a magnificent city.
- A UNESCO World Heritage City – Samarkand is officially recognized for its historical significance and architectural beauty.
- The Registan Square – Once the heart of Samarkand, this stunning plaza is considered one of the most beautiful squares in the world.
- Astronomical Legacy – The Ulugh Beg Observatory, built in the 15th century, was one of the greatest observatories of its time.
How to Get to Samarkand
By Air
- Samarkand International Airport (SKD) has domestic and international flights from cities like Tashkent, Istanbul, and Moscow.
- The airport is only 10 km from the city center, and taxis are readily available.
With Train
- The Afrosiyob high-speed train connects Tashkent to Samarkand in just 2 hours.
- Regular trains from Bukhara and Khiva also serve the city.
By Road
- Shared taxis and buses run between Tashkent, Bukhara, and Samarkand.
- The drive from Tashkent takes around 4–5 hours.
Best Things to Do in Samarkand
1. Explore Registan Square
- The most iconic landmark in Uzbekistan, surrounded by three stunning madrasahs: Ulugh Beg, Sher-Dor, and Tilya-Kori.
- Visit in the evening to see the breathtaking light show.
2. Visit Shah-i-Zinda Necropolis
- A collection of mausoleums and tombs with intricate blue mosaics.
- It is said to house the tomb of Qusam ibn Abbas, a cousin of the Prophet Muhammad.
3. Discover Gur-e-Amir Mausoleum
- The final resting place of Amir Timur, the founder of the Timurid Empire.
- The golden dome and exquisite tilework make it one of Samarkand’s most beautiful sites.
4. Explore Bibi-Khanym Mosque
- Once one of the largest mosques in the Islamic world, built by Amir Timur in honor of his wife.
- The mosque is a stunning example of Timurid architecture.
5. Learn at Ulugh Beg Observatory
- Built by Ulugh Beg, a 15th-century astronomer and ruler, this observatory was one of the most advanced of its time.
- The site includes a museum showcasing medieval scientific achievements.
6. Stroll Through Siab Bazaar
- One of the oldest markets in Central Asia, selling spices, dried fruits, nuts, and local handicrafts.
- A great place to try traditional Uzbek sweets.
Best Accommodation in Samarkand
Luxury Hotels
- Hotel Dilimah – A 5-star hotel with modern amenities and a central location.
- Registan Plaza – Offers comfortable rooms, a pool, and excellent service.
Mid-Range Hotels
- L’Argamak Boutique Hotel – A stylish hotel with a traditional Uzbek design.
- Bibikhanum Hotel – Located near the Bibi-Khanym Mosque, offering cozy rooms and great views.
Budget Accommodation
- Amir Hostel – A great budget-friendly option for backpackers and solo travelers.
- Antica B&B – A charming guesthouse with a courtyard garden.
Cultural and Modern Attractions
1. Samarkand State Museum
- Showcases Silk Road artifacts, manuscripts, and historical exhibits.
2. Art Galleries and Handicraft Centers
- Visit Meros Paper Mill to see how ancient silk paper is still handmade.
3. Samarkand Brewery
- A modern attraction where you can sample Uzbek beer and local snacks.
Dining and Nightlife in Samarkand
Best Restaurants
- Platan Restaurant – Serves a mix of Uzbek and European cuisine.
- Samarkand Restaurant – Offers an authentic Uzbek dining experience with traditional music.
- Kyzyl Chaixona – A cozy spot for tea and local dishes.
Nightlife in Samarkand
- Bar Samarkand – A modern bar with cocktails and live music.
- Karaoke Clubs – Popular in Samarkand, where locals and tourists enjoy singing Uzbek and Russian songs.
Day Trips from Samarkand
1. Shakhrisabz (90 km)
- The birthplace of Amir Timur, home to the Ak-Saray Palace ruins.
2. Nuratau Mountains
- A great spot for hiking, nature, and eco-tourism.
3. Aydarkul Lake
- A perfect escape for fishing, swimming, and camping in the desert.
Getting Around Samarkand
- Taxis – The most convenient way to travel, but always negotiate fares beforehand.
- Buses & Marshrutkas – Cheap but best for locals.
- Walking – Many historical sites are within walking distance.
Practical Tips for Visiting Samarkand
- Cash is King – Carry Uzbekistani Som, as ATMs can be unreliable.
- Dress Modestly – Especially when visiting mosques and religious sites.
- Bargain at Markets – Haggling is common in bazaars and souvenir shops.
- Avoid Tap Water – Stick to bottled or filtered water.
- Learn Basic Uzbek or Russian Phrases – English is not widely spoken outside tourist areas.
Conclusion
Samarkand is a dream destination for history lovers, culture seekers, and adventure travelers alike. Whether you’re marveling at the grandeur of Registan Square, wandering through ancient bazaars, or enjoying delicious Uzbek cuisine, this city offers a once-in-a-lifetime experience.
